A growing community
Canadians of Jamaican origin1 make up one of the largest non-European ethnic groups in Canada. In 2001, the Jamaican community was the fourth largest non-European ethnic group in Canada after the Chinese, East Indian, and Filipino communities. That year, there were just over 210,000 people of Jamaican origin living in Canada. Together, they represented almost 1% of the total Canadian population.
The Jamaican community in Canada is growing considerably faster than the overall population. Between 1996 and 2001, for example, the number of people who said they had Jamaican origins rose by 12%, whereas the overall population grew by only 4% in the same period.
The majority of Canadians of Jamaican origin say they have only one ethnic origin. In 2001, 65% of all those who reported Jamaican origins said they had only Jamaican roots, while 35% said they also had other ethnic origins. The share of the Jamaican population in Canada with multiple ethnic origins, though, is similar to that for the overall population, among which 40% reported multiple ethnic roots that year.
The majority are foreign-born
More than half of the Jamaican population living in Canada is foreign-born. In 2001, 53% of Canadians of Jamaican origin were born outside of Canada, compared with 18% of the overall population. Among foreign-born Canadians of Jamaican origin, 94% were born in the Caribbean.
As well, the majority of immigrants of Jamaican origin living in Canada arrived here in the past three decades. Of foreign-born Jamaicans living in Canada in 2001, 34% reported that they had arrived here between 1971 and 1980, while another 24% said they arrived in the 1980s and 26% arrived between 1991 and 2001. In contrast, only 2% immigrants of Jamaican origin came to Canada before 1961.
Most live in Ontario
The large majority of Canadians of Jamaican origin live in Ontario. Indeed, in 2001, Ontario was home to 85% of the total Canadian population with Jamaican ethnic roots. At the same time, 5% of Jamaicans resided in Quebec, 4% lived in Alberta and 3% in British Columbia. That year, there were a total of 181,000 people with Jamaican origins living in Ontario, while almost 11,000 lived in Quebec, 8,000 lived in Alberta, and 7,000 made British Columbia home. Overall, Canadians of Jamaican origin represented about 2% of the total population of Ontario, whereas in all other provinces and territories, they made up less than half a per cent of the total population.
SOURCE: Statistic Canada